All tablets.

RA 050, 202 13

Catalogue entry from CDLI (Proto-Elamite (ca. 3100-2900 BC)) — RA 050, 202 13. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).

RA 050, 202 14

Catalogue entry from CDLI (Proto-Elamite (ca. 3100-2900 BC)) — RA 050, 202 14. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).

RA 050, 202 15

Catalogue entry from CDLI (Proto-Elamite (ca. 3100-2900 BC)) — RA 050, 202 15. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).

Sb 06390

Catalogue entry from CDLI (Proto-Elamite (ca. 3100-2900 BC)) — Sb 06390. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).

Sb 06400

Catalogue entry from CDLI (Proto-Elamite (ca. 3100-2900 BC)) — Sb 06400. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).

Sb 06960

Catalogue entry from CDLI (Proto-Elamite (ca. 3100-2900 BC)) — Sb 06960. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).

Sb 09458

Catalogue entry from CDLI (Proto-Elamite (ca. 3100-2900 BC)) — Sb 09458. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).

Sb 15222

Catalogue entry from CDLI (Proto-Elamite (ca. 3100-2900 BC)) — Sb 15222. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).

Sb 15283

Catalogue entry from CDLI (Proto-Elamite (ca. 3100-2900 BC)) — Sb 15283. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).

Sb 15457

Catalogue entry from CDLI (Proto-Elamite (ca. 3100-2900 BC)) — Sb 15457. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).

SE 118

Catalogue entry from CDLI (Proto-Elamite (ca. 3100-2900 BC)) — SE 118. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).

SE 120

Catalogue entry from CDLI (Proto-Elamite (ca. 3100-2900 BC)) — SE 120. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).

SE 121

Catalogue entry from CDLI (Proto-Elamite (ca. 3100-2900 BC)) — SE 121. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).

SE 122

Catalogue entry from CDLI (Proto-Elamite (ca. 3100-2900 BC)) — SE 122. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).

SE 123

Catalogue entry from CDLI (Proto-Elamite (ca. 3100-2900 BC)) — SE 123. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).

SE 124

Catalogue entry from CDLI (Proto-Elamite (ca. 3100-2900 BC)) — SE 124. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).

SE 125

Catalogue entry from CDLI (Proto-Elamite (ca. 3100-2900 BC)) — SE 125. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).

SE 126

Catalogue entry from CDLI (Proto-Elamite (ca. 3100-2900 BC)) — SE 126. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).

SE 127

Catalogue entry from CDLI (Proto-Elamite (ca. 3100-2900 BC)) — SE 127. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).

SE 128

Catalogue entry from CDLI (Proto-Elamite (ca. 3100-2900 BC)) — SE 128. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).

UM 42-20-250d

Catalogue entry from CDLI (Proto-Elamite (ca. 3100-2900 BC)) — UM 42-20-250d. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).

UM 42-20-250g

Catalogue entry from CDLI (Proto-Elamite (ca. 3100-2900 BC)) — UM 42-20-250g. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).

UM 42-20-250h+i+j

Catalogue entry from CDLI (Proto-Elamite (ca. 3100-2900 BC)) — UM 42-20-250h+i+j. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).

UM 42-20-250k

Catalogue entry from CDLI (Proto-Elamite (ca. 3100-2900 BC)) — UM 42-20-250k. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).

UM 42-20-250l

Catalogue entry from CDLI (Proto-Elamite (ca. 3100-2900 BC)) — UM 42-20-250l. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).

UM 42-20-250m

Catalogue entry from CDLI (Proto-Elamite (ca. 3100-2900 BC)) — UM 42-20-250m. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).

UM 73-08-002

Catalogue entry from CDLI (Proto-Elamite (ca. 3100-2900 BC)) — UM 73-08-002. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).

~2450 BCE·Early DynasticEditorial

Stele of the Vultures

The earliest historical document in human history. Before this, we have lists, accounts, and dedications. Here, for the first time, a ruler tells us what happened — with names, places, and consequences.

LawWriting & Literature

Clay tablet. Old Akkadian account text about fields. 2334-2004 BCE. From Iraq. Vorderasiatisches Museum, Berlin

Tablet image sourced from Wikimedia Commons (CC BY-SA 4.0). No scholarly translation referenced in source metadata. Source description: Clay tablet. Old Akkadian account text about fields. 2334-2004 BCE. From Iraq. Vorderasiatisches Museum, Berlin.

Cuneiform Akkadian clay tablet 1

Tablet image sourced from Wikimedia Commons (Public domain). No scholarly translation referenced in source metadata. Source description: Small clay tablet with cuneiform writing on both sides (in Akkadian language), from Early Old Babylonian period. It displays an account of labor, specifically referring to numbers of bricks carried by

Cuneiform Akkadian clay tablet 2

Cuneiform tablet- account text concerning bitumen, Quradum archive MET ME86 11 134

Tablet image sourced from Wikimedia Commons (CC0). No scholarly translation referenced in source metadata. Source description: Akkadian; Cuneiform tablet; Clay-Tablets-Inscribed

Cuneiform tablet- house sale contract, Quradum archive MET ME86 11 204

Tablet image sourced from Wikimedia Commons (CC0). No scholarly translation referenced in source metadata. Source description: Akkadian; Cuneiform tablet; Clay-Tablets-Inscribed

~2100 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianEditorial

Code of Ur-Nammu

The oldest surviving law code in human history. The principle that the state — not the wronged family — defines and enforces justice begins here.

Law

AAICAB 1/2, pl. 101, 1937-047

Catalogue entry from CDLI (Ur III (ca. 2100-2000 BC)) — AAICAB 1/2, pl. 101, 1937-047. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format). [year-name] Dated to Ur-Nammu y14 — The throne of Enlil was fashioned based on canonical year-name formula in the transliteration.

AAICAB 1/4, Bod S 433

Catalogue entry from CDLI (Ur III (ca. 2100-2000 BC)) — AAICAB 1/4, Bod S 433. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format). [year-name] Dated to Ur-Nammu y14 — The throne of Enlil was fashioned based on canonical year-name formula in the transliteration.

Aegyptus 29, 107, 35

Catalogue entry from CDLI (Ur III (ca. 2100-2000 BC)) — Aegyptus 29, 107, 35. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format). [year-name] Dated to Ur-Nammu y14 — The throne of Enlil was fashioned based on canonical year-name formula in the transliteration.

Akkadica 114-115, 095 02

Catalogue entry from CDLI (Ur III (ca. 2100-2000 BC)) — Akkadica 114-115, 095 02. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format). [year-name] Dated to Ur-Nammu y14 — The throne of Enlil was fashioned based on canonical year-name formula in the transliteration.

Akkadica 114-115, 095 03

Catalogue entry from CDLI (Ur III (ca. 2100-2000 BC)) — Akkadica 114-115, 095 03. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format). [year-name] Dated to Ur-Nammu y14 — The throne of Enlil was fashioned based on canonical year-name formula in the transliteration.

Aleppo 253

Catalogue entry from CDLI (Ur III (ca. 2100-2000 BC)) — Aleppo 253. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format). [year-name] Dated to Ur-Nammu y14 — The throne of Enlil was fashioned based on canonical year-name formula in the transliteration.

AnOr 01, 011

Catalogue entry from CDLI (Ur III (ca. 2100-2000 BC)) — AnOr 01, 011. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format). [year-name] Dated to Ur-Nammu y14 — The throne of Enlil was fashioned based on canonical year-name formula in the transliteration.

AnOr 07, 022

Catalogue entry from CDLI (Ur III (ca. 2100-2000 BC)) — AnOr 07, 022. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format). [year-name] Dated to Ur-Nammu y14 — The throne of Enlil was fashioned based on canonical year-name formula in the transliteration.

AnOr 07, 029

Catalogue entry from CDLI (Ur III (ca. 2100-2000 BC)) — AnOr 07, 029. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format). [year-name] Dated to Ur-Nammu y14 — The throne of Enlil was fashioned based on canonical year-name formula in the transliteration.

AnOr 07, 202

Catalogue entry from CDLI (Ur III (ca. 2100-2000 BC)) — AnOr 07, 202. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format). [year-name] Dated to Ur-Nammu y14 — The throne of Enlil was fashioned based on canonical year-name formula in the transliteration.

AO 07935

Catalogue entry from CDLI (Ur III (ca. 2100-2000 BC)) — AO 07935. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format). [year-name] Dated to Ur-Nammu y14 — The throne of Enlil was fashioned based on canonical year-name formula in the transliteration.

ASJ 09, 252 32

Catalogue entry from CDLI (Ur III (ca. 2100-2000 BC)) — ASJ 09, 252 32. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format). [year-name] Dated to Ur-Nammu y14 — The throne of Enlil was fashioned based on canonical year-name formula in the transliteration.

ASJ 09, 254 35

Catalogue entry from CDLI (Ur III (ca. 2100-2000 BC)) — ASJ 09, 254 35. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format). [year-name] Dated to Ur-Nammu y14 — The throne of Enlil was fashioned based on canonical year-name formula in the transliteration.

ASJ 09, 254 36

Catalogue entry from CDLI (Ur III (ca. 2100-2000 BC)) — ASJ 09, 254 36. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format). [year-name] Dated to Ur-Nammu y14 — The throne of Enlil was fashioned based on canonical year-name formula in the transliteration.

ASJ 09, 254 37

Catalogue entry from CDLI (Ur III (ca. 2100-2000 BC)) — ASJ 09, 254 37. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format). [year-name] Dated to Ur-Nammu y14 — The throne of Enlil was fashioned based on canonical year-name formula in the transliteration.

ASJ 09, 255 38

Catalogue entry from CDLI (Ur III (ca. 2100-2000 BC)) — ASJ 09, 255 38. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format). [year-name] Dated to Ur-Nammu y14 — The throne of Enlil was fashioned based on canonical year-name formula in the transliteration.