Read Chronology Themes Tablets Engine About

Menu

Read
Chronology
Themes
Tablets
Engine
About

Sumerian · Book

Reading the tablets…

A curated narrative reconstruction of humanity's first great civilization, sourced from the tablets themselves. Open scholarship, beautifully accessible.

The site

About the project The engine Dossiers FAQ Methodology Sources & licensing Provenance & ethics Contact & support

Legal

Privacy policy Terms of use llms.txt Sitemap

Independent scholarship · No academic affiliation · No institutional funding · Tablet imagery attributed per item via CDLI, ETCSL, ORACC, Wikimedia, and public museum collections.

Home
All tablets

The corpus

All tablets.

Every tablet in the corpus — sortable by date, title or period; filterable by theme and period. Use the controls below or change the URL parameters directly.

Search

Sort

Oldest first Newest first Title (A–Z)By period

Theme

Religion & Myth Law Economy Astronomy & Mathematics Daily Life Writing & Literature

Period

Ubaid Uruk Period Early Dynastic Akkadian Empire Ur III · Neo-Sumerian Old Babylonian Old Assyrian Middle Babylonian Middle Assyrian Neo-Assyrian Neo-Babylonian Achaemenid Persian

Source

Editorial Sumerian literature Sumerian royal Assyrian royal Assyrian archives

3,110 of 102,257 tablets · 5 filters activeClear filters

1351–1400 of 3110

Page 28 / 63

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-Sumerian

Our engine

ArOr 87, 033-057 11

4 barig flour, gu2-na — via Nar (the musician). 2 ban2 8 sila3 (for) Lugal-kuzu, from Šara-amu, the šandana (chief administrator). 1 barig 5 ban2 6 sila3 (for) Akalla, the fisherman [šu-ku6], 3 ban2 (for) Ur-Dumuzida, 1 barig 5 ban2 (for) [Ad]da, [the scribe].

Economy

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianOur engine

AUCT 3, 337

[x] mana of silver, refined-[x] [x], from Ur-Duku, [x] Ur-šumah, the PA-[...], and Lugal-sa'e received. [...] for the [...] of ... (break) Ur-šumah, son of Katar.

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianOur engine

AuOr 31, 232 02

[1 (animal, broken)] ... died. 13th day. From Uta-mišaram, Šulgi-irimu received. Month: Akiti. Year: "the en-priest(ess) of Eridu was installed." 1 (total).

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianOur engine

AuOr 31, 232 03

1 male donkey, day 15, from Abba-saga, Šu-Erra received (took in charge). Month: "u5-bi2-gu7" (Drehem calendar month), year: "the en-priest of Inanna was installed in Uruk." 1 (total).

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianOur engine

AuOr 31, 233 04

3 grain-fed sheep, day 23, from Abba-saga, Nalu received (took in charge). Month: "Mašdagu" (gazelle-consumption), year: "Huhnuri was destroyed." 3 (total)

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianOur engine

AuOr 31, 233 05

1 nanny goat, (of) Šimaški, the 14th day, from Abba-[sa]ga, Utamišaram received (took in charge). Month: "Šu-eššša", year: "Huhnuri [was destroyed]." 1 (total).

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianOur engine

AuOr 31, 233 06

3 sila3 beer, 2 sila3 bread, 2 shekels oil, 2 shekels alkali(-plant), 1 fish, 1 bundle of onions: for Šu-Iškur. 3 sila3 beer, 2 sila3 bread, 2 shekels oil, 2 shekels alkali(-plant), 1 fish, 1 bundle of onions: for Ur-Nanna. 5 ban2 bread, 3 ban2 beer — regular (quality), 1/2 sila3 sesame oil, provisions for the runners, via Ur-Nanna. Day 4, month: Nesag, year following: 'Šašrum was destroyed.'

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianOur engine

AuOr 32, 175-176

1 small duck, 1 goose, 1 turtledove/pigeon, 1 small male marsh-pig (reared in the reed-thicket) — food(-consumption) for my lady; 1 small duck, 1 goose, died (were slaughtered), brought into the palace. From (the beginning of) the month, 17 days had passed — (this is a) booked expenditure. (Responsible official:) Ur-lugal-edina. Month: "ki-siki-Ninazu", year following: "Urbilum was destroyed."

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianOur engine

AuOr 33, 215-220

1 barig barley, royal (measure). Sealed by Lu-gina. Month: "Harvest" (iti sze-sag11-ku5). Year following the year: "Simurrum and Lullubum were destroyed for the 9th time" (i.e., the year after Šulgi's 32nd year — Šulgi year 33). (Seal inscription:) Lu-gina, scribe, son of Lu-baba.

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianOur engine

AuOr 33, 215-220

12 grass-fed sheep, 7 fat-tailed sheep, 1 goat: Nir-idagal, 1 goat: E'a-bani, delivery (mu-kux(DU)) of Šulgi-simtum. Year: “Simurrum was destroyed for the third time” (i.e., Šulgi year 26).

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianOur engine

AuOr 33, 215-220

1 sheep, (of the) gu4-e-us2-sa (class), died; (it) was brought into the palace. From the (start of the) month, 3 days having passed — expenditure (booked) of Abi-latum. Month: festival of Šulgi. Year: Šašrum was destroyed.

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianOur engine

BAOM 2, 26 24

33 workers (gurusz): 1 barig barley, royal (measure), each. 5 junior workers (erin2-tur-tur): 4 ban2 each. Its barley: 7 gur, 1 barig, 2 ban2. Workers who have no barley (of their own) — they belong to the household of the sukkal (vizier). From Bazi, Ur-igalim, son of Magurre, received (it). Month: festival of Dumuzi. From the granary of Uru'a, via Kudamu. Year following: 'Simurrum and Lulubum were destroyed.'

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianOur engine

BAOM 2, 30 61

4 gur 1 barig 3 ban2 barley — barley of the workhouse, from the fisherman; fodder-rations for the labor-troops, 3 of them (recipients); (the account of) the temple of Igalim; from Lu-Ningirsu; under seal of Lu-Ninšubur; via Ka'amu; month: Amar-a-a-si; year: En-amgal of Inanna was installed (as en-priestess). Lu-Ninšubur, scribe, son of Ur-Nanše.

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianOur engine

BM 014751

4 gur, 1 barig of fish — returned goods (nig2-ki-gur2). 6 gur, 4 barig, 4 ban2 of dried(?) fish (ku6-šeš/šeg6). 1,252 (fish): good-quality allotment. 1,104 (fish): ordinary allotment. — labor/wages for task-work (a2 geš-gar-ra). From Lu-Ninšubur. Foreman: Warad-mu. Booked in as delivery (mu-DU). Ur-mes received (it). Month: "Harvest" (ševa-sag-ku), day 24. Year: "Simurrum (and) Lullubu were destroyed for the 9th time."

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianOur engine

Chicago 20060119d

32 gur, 2 barig, 8 sila barley, royal measure, 10 shekels silver, within Ur, from Lanimu, Ur-silaluh, the merchant, received. The purchase price of garments(?). Month: "Bricks placed in the mold" (month name of the Umma calendar), Year: "Urbilum was destroyed." Ur-sukkal, merchant, son of Ur-[...].

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianOur engine

CM 26, 146

14 gur, 2 ban2, 2 sila3 of barley, royal measure — deficit of barley loaded onto the boat — from Bazi; sealed by Ningirsu-isa; it is to be repaid. Month: 'Mušudu.' Year: Kimaš was destroyed. (Seal legend:) Ningirsu-isa, son of Adda(?), boatman.

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianOur engine

CUNES 49-02-029

To Ur-Šulpa'e speak: Silver, 2 shekels, of Ur-silaluh, which is present in (his) possession — from it, 1 shekel, to Lu-duga, let it be given. Its silver, [...] [...] let him not neglect (it)/let him not disregard it. Ur-Suen, son of Ur-Utu.

Daily Life·Economy

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianOur engine

CUNES 51-04-018

1. Ibni-Iškur 2. — u3-na-a-du11 ("speak to him!" / letter-formula: "has been told") 3. [......]-dub-ba (broken; possibly "tablet-" related) 4. [...]-[x]-Gilgamesh (broken; contains the divine/heroic name Gilgamesh) 5. [...]-[x]-Erra (broken; contains the name/element Erra) 6. [......]-x (broken, illegible) 7. x x-za (broken, illegible) 8. 1 KA-x-x-um (a personal name, largely broken) 9. 1 Dingir-sudan (personal name) 10. x-ru-x (broken; "ru" tentatively "given/deposited") 11. son of Bak-x-gi4

Daily Life·Economy

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianOur engine

CUNES 51-10-056

Turam-ili — speak to him! 2 gur barley, from the sealed storehouse (e2-kišib-ba), to Lu-Turam let it be given. Before Puzur-x, the chief steward, the storehouse was opened. Let their sealed document be impressed (sealed).

Daily Life·Economy

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianOur engine

CUNES 52-04-082

To Šu-damu — speak! The field, ...... [broken] ...... field ...... [broken] ...... [broken] ...... [broken] There is no remaining ...... that has been set/placed (there). To Zuma, the merchant, (and) Lu-Šalim, let it be given. Let the matter not be reneged upon (let the word not be turned back).

Daily Life·Economy

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianOur engine

CUNES 52-04-084

To Suen-našir — speak! 2 gur 1 barig of bitumen, removed from the boat, 2 barig(?) ... to the house, [...] ... ... ... [...]-...-... [...] ... ... [...] n mirza-vessels(?) [...] ... fir-wood(?) ... ... hand (it) over! / give (it)!

Daily Life·Economy

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianOur engine

CUSAS 03, 0062

Total: 10 male workers, builders (šitim). Total: 43 male workers. Total: 49 (lit. 50 minus 1) female workers. 2 male workers, [...]. 3 [...]. From Abba-ama [...] stationed [...]. The weaving-house [...], the craftsmen's workshop (e2-gaszam) [...]. 10 male workers, im-sumur(-workers) [...]. 1: Lugatum, stationed to bake bread. 1: Šeš-kalla, sick. Foreman: Irib. 1: Mašum, the builder, went to (the place of) Šu-Kabta.

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianOur engine

CUSAS 03, 0074

[...] [n] workers ... [...] [n+]4 workers: builders (šitim) [n] workers: (assigned to) clay, stationed under Ili-de'a [n] workers, 25 female workers: (assigned) to carry clay [...] to deposit/pile it, stationed (for this task) [n] workers: (with) fresh reeds ..., went to the mill-house (e2-ar3-ra) [n] workers: booked expenditure, stationed [n] workers: sitting/residing in the storehouse (ga2-nun-na) [n] workers: sitting at the gate of the craftsman's house (e2-gaszam) [...]

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianOur engine

CUSAS 03, 0089

3 male builders — men of the gift-allotment (nig2-ba); 3 male builders — (under) Warad-Ea; From among them: 1 male builder, stationed at brick-[...]-molding(?); 1 male worker (ma-šub-ba worker), stationed at bricks [...]; 4 male builders [...], stationed doing leveling/scraping work at the house Eki-bagara (of) Ubarria; It is a booked-out expenditure. Inspection performed. Via Iškur-illat, the household manager (šabra). Month: "u5-bi2-gu7." Year: "the land of Zabšali was destroyed." Day 5.

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianOur engine

CUSAS 03, 0090

3 male builders (šitim), men of the gift-allotment (lu2 nig2-ba), 3 male builders, servants of the house of A, 6 (total), therefrom: 6 male builders, when Elunumne-Erigal(?) [bread?] to bake(?), 6 (total), is the booked-out expenditure. Inspection performed, via Iškur-illat, the household manager (šabra). Month: "Ubibigu" (u5-bi2-gu7), year: "the land of Zabšali was destroyed," the 16th day.

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianOur engine

CUSAS 03, 0171

3 male laborers, foreman: Šu-Dumuzi. 3 female laborers, foreman: Zala'a. They are hired workers. 3 male laborers, foreman: Beli-ili. [...] (break) to grind malt. Inspection performed. Month: "Festival of Šulgi." Year: "The land of Zabšali was destroyed."

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianOur engine

CUSAS 03, 0178

71 workmen [...] 1 workman: Me-e'a 52 workmen, foreman: Zala'a 171 1/2 workmen, foreman: Ibni-ilum. Earth removed (excavated), carried/hauled — [in-la2, du5-la2, function uncertain] — (for) the garden of Zabala. Inspection performed. Month: 'Festival of Šu-Suen.' Year: 'The land of Zabšali was destroyed' [(by) Šu-Suen]. [...] (text breaks off)

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianOur engine

CUSAS 03, 0212

[...] [...] [n+]6 workers (gurusz), overseer: Beli-ili, servant of Eameš. 23 workers, 14 female workers (geme2), overseer: Bazi. 13 workers, 11 female workers, overseer: Mea. 3 workers, 3 female workers, overseer: Zala. [...] Total: 10 [workers, masons/builders (šitim)]. Total: 53 [workers]. Total: 28 [female workers]. It is a booked expenditure (zi-ga-am3). [Inspection carried out], via Iškur-illat and Puzur-Ninkar.

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianOur engine

CUSAS 03, 0214

3 male laborers, builders (šitim), men of Niĝ-Baba; 2 male laborers, builders, men of Dimat-kalbum; [n] male laborers, builders, [men of Ur-Šulpa'e]; 3 [...] 15 [...] 2 [...] 1 [...] [...] [...] 1 [...] overseer: [...] servant of [Ea-meš]; [...] [...]

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianOur engine

CUSAS 03, 0216

2 ban2 [of ...] 4 barig [of ...] 2 ban2 ME-[...] malt, for grinding [...] Inspection performed. Via Iškur-illat, [the household administrator (šabra)], and Puzur-Ninkar, the scribe. In Garšana. Month: "Šu-eš-ša." [Year: ...] Day [n], copy.

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianOur engine

CUSAS 03, 0222

1 male worker, a fuller, for 25 days — from Na-silim, the king's messenger, to fetch/escort the man, he went along (with him). Booked out (disbursement), via Šu-Kabta, from [...] — [...]...... ...... [...]-EN-[...] [...] ......

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianOur engine

CUSAS 03, 0232

1 2/3 workmen (labor-days): leatherworkers; 1 workman: feltworker; 1 workman: smith; for 1 day — reed and fresh (gizi-)reed, from the house of Šara, brought to Garšana — brought. Via Beli-ili; from (the account of) Iškur-illat, it was disbursed (ba-zi). Month: Sesdagu ("eating of piglets"), Year: "the land of Zabšali was destroyed."

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianOur engine

CUSAS 03, 0349

[n] male workers, builders, men of Isin. [2] male workers, builders, men of Nig-baba. 2 male workers, [builders]. 16 male workers; foreman: Irib, slave of Ea-meš. [5] male workers, 1 female worker, (under) Lu-dulugal-pa'e. [n] female workers; foreman: Bazi. [n ...]; foreman: Zala'a.

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianOur engine

CUSAS 03, 0356

[2(u) 2(disz)] 3(disz) sar 1(u) [5(disz) gin2] 5(disz) grains of baked (fired) brick, wage-rate of the workmen: 3 2/3 gin2 15 grains each, its workmen: 6(gesz2) 44 (= 404) [workdays], barley: 6 sila3 each, was paid (to the hired men). The baked brick (is for) the [orchard] of Zabala(m). It was delivered. Ibni-ilum, the responsible official (maškim). Via Puzur-Ninkar(ak), the scribe, and Iškur-illat, the household manager (šabra). Month: '[festival of] Mekigal.' Year: 'the land of Zabšali was destroyed.' [...] (text breaks off)

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianOur engine

CUSAS 03, 0360

1(geš2) 53 sar 16 shekels of bricks — its consumption (disbursement) has not been booked out (deducted from the account). [...]-ir(?), 2nd (occurrence) [...]-da via (the official) Ea-šar. Month: Akiti. Year: 'The great barge (magur-boat) was built.'

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianOur engine

CUSAS 03, 0365

(Line 1) [......] 10 (?), Lamazatum (Line 2) [n], Ḫilā (Line 3) [n], Taribum (Line 4) [n], Abima'a (Line 5) 6(geš₂) [= 360], Ḫanḫabi (Line 6) 6(geš₂) [= 360], Weṣitum (Line 7) 4(geš₂) [= 240], Lu-banid (Line 8) 6(geš₂) [= 360], Ili-bašti (Line 9) 7(geš₂)? [= 420?], Ili-turi (Line 10) 1(geš'u)? [= 600?], Ili-ibqi (Line 11) 1(geš₂) [= 60], Šat-ili (Line 12) 1(geš'u) 2(geš₂) [= 720], Šalim-[......]

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianOur engine

CUSAS 03, 0371

6(gesz2) [=360]: U-barum 4(gesz2) [=240]: Geme-[...] 6(gesz2) [=360]: Ur-sukkal 4(gesz2) [=240]: Namura(?) [...] 4(gesz2) [=240]: Šat-ili 2(šar2) 3(geš'u) 3(geš2) [n] [=9180+n]: (total)

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianOur engine

CUSAS 03, 0373

1(gešu) 2(geš2) [...] (= 720 [...]) 1(gešu) 2(geš2) [...] (= 720 [...]) 1(gešu) 2(geš2) [...] (= 720 [...]) 2(šár) [n] (= 7200 [+n], total) Šu-Eštar its length: [n ninda ...] labor of female workers, per one (worker): [2(geš2) bricks each, i.e. 120 bricks] its female workers: 4 [...] barley: 3 sila3 [each] its barley: [n] labor for carrying bricks the house of [...]

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianOur engine

CUSAS 03, 0401

[n (units of) beer, du(-quality/delivered)], for the builders, they drank. From Ili-uznani it was withdrawn (booked as expenditure). Via Iškur-illat, the chief steward, and Puzur-Ninkar, the scribe, in Garšana. Month: Akiti. Year: Šu-Suen [...].

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianOur engine

CUSAS 03, 0420

1 sheep, grain-fed; month, day 10 having passed; (as) the gift-allotment for the builder(s); Ea-šar was the responsible official (maškim); expenditure (zi-ga) of Šu-Kabta; withdrawn (ba-zi) from Iškur-illat; month: 'festival of Ninazu'; year: 'the land of Zabšali was destroyed'; copy (gaba-ri).

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianOur engine

CUSAS 03, 0421

3 sheep, 1 milk-fed kid, a black pig — for the KID2-ALAN (statue-work/craftsman), 2 grass-fed sheep, (for) Ummi-Kabta, daughter of the household, from Ili-bilani, disbursed (booked out). Month: "Festival of Ninazu." Year: "the land of Zabšali was destroyed." Adalal, the cook, servant of Šu-Kabta. Šu-Kabta, the physician, son of Naram-ili. Iškur-illat, the scribe, son of Abiya, your servant.

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianOur engine

CUSAS 03, 0423

7 female workers, for 1 day; barley, 3 sila each, was disbursed (as wages/hire); assigned to grind flour; [foreman]: Lila'a; [month]: "Festival of Ninazu"; year: "the land of Zabšali was destroyed." Malik-bani, servant of Naram-ili.

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianOur engine

CUSAS 03, 0443

40 male laborers, for 1 day, barley, 3 sila each, was disbursed (as hire/wages). Field Gili, to Garšana — hay having been brought. Foreman: Šu-Dumuzi. Month: "festival of Šulgi." Year: "the land of Zabšali was destroyed." Copy.

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianOur engine

CUSAS 03, 0446

2 gur 4 ban2 barley, 1 gur 2 barig 3 ban2 dabin (coarse flour), 3 2/3 sila sesame oil, 7 sheep carcasses, 35 days [...] (al-dar-ra), 1/2 sila 5 gin [...], 2 2/3 sila [...], 1 sila 10 gin [...], barley rations, oil-[...], from Iškur-illat it was disbursed. Via Puzur-Ninkar, the scribe. Month: 'Festival of Šu-Suen.' Year: 'The land of Zabšali was destroyed.' Copy.

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianOur engine

CUSAS 03, 0450

1 sheep — by Puzur-Ninkar, from Ili-bilani, was withdrawn (booked out). Month: "Great Festival" (ezem-maḫ). Year: "the land of Zabšali was destroyed." (Seal:) Šu-Kabta, physician(?), son of Naram-ili; Iškur-illat, scribe, son of Abi'a, is your servant.

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianOur engine

CUSAS 03, 0467

20 gur barley; 1 gur 5 ban2 [of it] disbursed, at the rate of 5 sila3 of fine (sig15) flour [per gur], as the wages of the female mill-workers, from Iškur-illat, [Malik-ba]ni [received]. Month: "Harvest" (Sze-sag11-ku5), Year following: "the land of Zabšali was destroyed."

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianOur engine

CUSAS 03, 0486

1 ban2 barley, for Nin-lulu; Abu-du, the commissioner (maškim); booked out (ba-zi). Month: "Festival of Ninazu"; year: "The great magur-boat was caulked." Abu-du, [...], servant of Šu-Kabta.

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianOur engine

CUSAS 03, 0487

1 ban2 2 sila3 [of ...] 5 sila3 of fine bread (of) dabin-flour, for the leatherworkers, their workshop — placed/allotted (there), purchased(?) ... 1 ban2 of fine flour (esza), for/in the name of Šat-ilī. [...gap...] 2 sila3 of [...], via Ea-šar, the scribe, from Iškur-illat it was disbursed. Month: 'Festival of Ninazu.' Year: 'The great barge was built.' Copy.

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianOur engine

CUSAS 03, 0492

2 sila3 of ...-naga(?) (soap-plant/alkali) — for the house of the barbers, via Baba-idab, the commissioner (maškim); from Iškur-illat it was withdrawn (ba-zi). Month: 'Festival of Ninazu.' Year: 'The great magur-boat was caulked.'

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianOur engine

CUSAS 03, 0540

23 workmen: (of the categories) 'ummia' (expert/craftsman) and du'a-ku workers, at 2 shekels 3 grains of silver each — [n] workmen, (of the) 'green/junior' (SIG7-a) category, at 1/6 shekel 3 grains of silver each — its silver: 10 1/2 shekels 12 grains. From within it: [n] 1/2 shekel 10 1/2 grains of silver was placed as a debt against Lu-Haya. Account of the mun-gazi (mustard/condiment), (concerning) the gardeners of Apisal. Year: 'the high priestess of Inanna was chosen by extispicy' (Amar-Suena Year 2). [...] (text breaks off)

1…27 28 29…63