Chapter 03 · 2334 – 2154 BCE
Akkadian Empire
Sargon brings rival city-states under imperial rule.
~2270 BCE · FLP 2635.01 — Free Library of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
RIME 2.13.06.01, ex. add14
In plain English
Dedicated to the goddess Nanše, the mighty lady, lady of the Indubba shrine. Utu-hegal, king of the four quarters of the world, has given the boundary territory of Lagaš back into her keeping. The ruler of Ur had laid claim to that land, but Utu-hegal ruled against him and restored it to the goddess.
AI-generated reading paraphrase; compare with the translation below.
“1. For Nanše, 2. the mighty lady, 3. the lady of Indubba — 4. Utu-hegal, 5. king of the four quarters, 6. the boundary of Lagaš, 7. (about which) the man of Ur 8. had raised a claim, 9. returned (it) to her (Nanše's) hand.”
Source: engine:claude-opus-5-5 (2026-09-20/v8-evolved) · claude-opus-5-5 · high confidence
Read the full tablet entry~2270 BCE · FLP 2635.02 — Free Library of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
RIME 2.13.06.01, ex. add15
In plain English
Dedicated to the goddess Nanše, the exalted lady, mistress of the Indubba. I, Utu-ḫegal, king of the four quarters of the world, have taken back the border lands of Lagaš that the man of Ur had claimed, and I have returned them to her.
AI-generated reading paraphrase; compare with the translation below.
“1. For Nanše, 2. the exalted lady, 3. lady of the Indubba — 4. Utu-ḫegal, 5. king of the four quarters, 6. the boundary territory of Lagaš, 7. (which) the man of Ur 8. had laid claim to, 9. he returned it into her hand.”
Source: engine:claude-opus-5-5 (2026-09-20/v8-evolved) · claude-opus-5-5 · high confidence
Read the full tablet entry~2270 BCE · FLP 2635.03 — Free Library of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
RIME 2.13.06.01, ex. add16
In plain English
Dedicated to Nanše, the mighty lady and lady of the boundary levee: Utu-ḫegal, king of the four quarters of the world, has given the lands of Lagaš back into her keeping. The man of Ur had claimed this territory, and Utu-ḫegal returned it to the goddess.
AI-generated reading paraphrase; compare with the translation below.
“1. For Nanše, 2. the mighty lady, 3. the lady of the boundary-levee (Indubba) — 4. Utu-ḫegal, 5. king of the four quarters, 6–9. returned into her hand the territory of Lagaš, which the man of Ur had claimed. (literal order of lines 6–9: '6. the boundary-territory of Lagaš, 7. the man of Ur 8. had laid claim to it; 9. into her hand he returned it.')”
Source: engine:claude-opus-5-5 (2026-09-20/v8-evolved) · claude-opus-5-5 · high confidence
Read the full tablet entry~2270 BCE · FLP 2635.04 — Free Library of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
RIME 2.13.06.01, ex. add17
In plain English
Dedicated to Nanše, the exalted lady, lady of the Indubba. The man of Ur had laid claim to the border territory of Lagaš. Utu-ḫegal, king of the four quarters of the world, put that land back into the goddess's hands.
AI-generated reading paraphrase; compare with the translation below.
“1. For Nanše, 2. the exalted lady, 3. lady of the Indubba — 4. Utu-ḫegal, 5. king of the four quarters, 6. the boundary of Lagaš, 7. (about which) the man of Ur 8. had raised a claim, 9. he returned to her hand.”
Source: engine:claude-opus-5-5 (2026-09-20/v8-evolved) · claude-opus-5-5 · medium confidence
Read the full tablet entry~2270 BCE · FLP 2635.05 — Free Library of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
RIME 2.13.06.01, ex. add18
In plain English
Dedicated to Nanše, the mighty lady who rules over the boundary lands. Utu-ḫegal, king of the four quarters of the world, settled the matter of Lagaš's border territory. The man of Ur had laid claim to it, but Utu-ḫegal returned the land to the goddess's keeping.
AI-generated reading paraphrase; compare with the translation below.
“1. For Nanše, 2. the mighty lady, 3. lady of the boundary (Indubba) — 4. Utu-ḫegal, 5. king of the four quarters — 6. (concerning) the border territory of Lagaš, 7. (over which) the man of Ur 8. had raised a claim, 9. he returned it into her hand.”
Source: engine:claude-opus-5-5 (2026-09-20/v8-evolved) · claude-opus-5-5 · high confidence
Read the full tablet entry~2270 BCE · FLP 2635.06 — Free Library of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
RIME 2.13.06.01, ex. add19
In plain English
Dedicated to Nanše, the mighty lady and guardian of boundaries. Utu-ḫegal, king of the four quarters of the world, has made this record. The ruler of Ur had laid claim to the border territory of Lagaš. Utu-ḫegal took that territory back and returned it to the goddess's keeping.
AI-generated reading paraphrase; compare with the translation below.
“1 For Nanše, 2 the [m]ighty lady, 3 the lady of the boundaries, 4 Utu-ḫegal, 5 king of the four quarters, 6 the boundary territory of Lagaš, 7 (concerning which) the man of Ur 8 had raised a claim, 9 he returned to her hand.”
Source: engine:claude-opus-5-5 (2026-09-20/v8-evolved) · claude-opus-5-5 · high confidence
Read the full tablet entry~2270 BCE · FLP 2635.08 — Free Library of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
RIME 2.13.06.01, ex. add21
In plain English
Dedicated to Nanše, the mighty lady, mistress of the Indubba. I, Utu-hegal, king of the four corners of the world, have returned the border lands of Lagaš to her control, after the man from Ur had put forward a claim to them.
AI-generated reading paraphrase; compare with the translation below.
“1. For Nanše, 2. the mighty lady, 3. the lady of the Indubba, 4. Utu-hegal, 5. king of the four quarters, 6. the boundary territory of Lagaš, 7. (which) the man of Ur 8. had laid claim to, 9. he returned to her hand.”
Source: engine:claude-opus-5-5 (2026-09-20/v8-evolved) · claude-opus-5-5 · medium confidence
Read the full tablet entry~2270 BCE · FLP 2635.09 — Free Library of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
RIME 2.13.06.01, ex. add22
In plain English
Dedicated to the goddess Nanše, the mighty lady and mistress of the Indubba sanctuary. Utu-ḫegal, king of the four corners of the world, gave the territory of Lagaš back into the goddess's keeping. The ruler of Ur had laid claim to that border land, and Utu-ḫegal returned it to her.
AI-generated reading paraphrase; compare with the translation below.
“1. For Nanše, 2. the mighty lady, 3. lady of the Indubba, 4. Utu-ḫegal, 5. king of the four quarters — 6. the boundary of Lagaš, 7. (concerning which) the man of Ur 8. had raised a claim, 9. he returned it into her hand.”
Source: engine:claude-opus-5-5 (2026-09-20/v8-evolved) · claude-opus-5-5 · high confidence
Read the full tablet entry